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NATHAN COPPEDGE--Perpetual Motion Concepts
Historical Types of Perpetual Motion Attempts
Traditionally attempts at perpetual motion are categorized into two types:
those that could not function without breaking the first law of
thermodynamics and those that could not function without breaking the
second law. However I hope that soon the distinction between working
and dysfunctional machines will become more blurry, as we reach
greater proximity to actual and effective over-unity.
If there is such a thing as a working perpetual motion machine, it is more
useful to divide the machines into a hierarchy, depending on the level of
functionality. Whether or not there is a working perpetual motion
machine design, some designs are better than others. Thus the hierarchy,
as I conceive it:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1: Generates energy and is over-unity
i.e. "A piece of God or the work of the devil"
None proven. Of course I have hopes for all six of my Concepts,
according to the logic made plain in Theory.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 2: Moves for a long time with minimal expenditure of energy, but
it is impossible to derive useful energy and/ or achieve over-unity. i.e.
"An extremely clever engineer was here".
The so called "drinking bird".
The swinging metal balls office toy known as "Newton's Cradle".
Certain magnet toys, specifically the "SMOT" have been claimed to have
a similar capacity in series.
Reidar Finsrud claims to have built such a device with magnets and
pendulums, and intends to make a variation that is Level 1.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 3: Would move if it weren't for friction or the concept is an
inappropriate choice for perpetual motion due to natural law, or the
concept might work if it were developed further.
I.e. mixed bag. Everyone thinking of these as perpetual motion are
confused or doing some fast thinking.
Motive mass without a difference weight. See my experiments. Most
waterwheels, at least insofar as they are related to grav-buoy2 Anything
with depletable or external energy (wave motion, solar power, fusion
power).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 4: Non-functional in principle after reflection i.e. "Victims of
Reason"
Rolling ball wheel (without ramps or levers) and most other perpetual
motion wheels, constant or gradual radius leverage wheel, Archimedian
screw.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 5: Absurd even to most enthusiasts; a careless or incomplete
attempt. i.e. "Objectively Dubious"
My Early Failures, Electric energy re-feeding machines (in their purest
form Machines that act solely by means of springs (a form of stored and
depletable energy).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LINKS TO FAILED HISTORICAL EXAMPLES, ETC:
Mechanical Appliances and Novelties of Construction
The "Museum of Unworkable Devices"
"Coal Car" Toy uses a ramp with 45 degree tilt similar to Motive Mass.
EVIDENCE OF PERPETUAL MOTION
Successful magnet design
Finsrud PMM
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Back to Perpetual Motion Theory Back to Perpetual Motion Concepts
Traditionally attempts at perpetual motion are categorized into two types:
those that could not function without breaking the first law of
thermodynamics and those that could not function without breaking the
second law. However I hope that soon the distinction between working
and dysfunctional machines will become more blurry, as we reach
greater proximity to actual and effective over-unity.
If there is such a thing as a working perpetual motion machine, it is more
useful to divide the machines into a hierarchy, depending on the level of
functionality. Whether or not there is a working perpetual motion
machine design, some designs are better than others. Thus the hierarchy,
as I conceive it:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 1: Generates energy and is over-unity
i.e. "A piece of God or the work of the devil"
None proven. Of course I have hopes for all six of my Concepts,
according to the logic made plain in Theory.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 2: Moves for a long time with minimal expenditure of energy, but
it is impossible to derive useful energy and/ or achieve over-unity. i.e.
"An extremely clever engineer was here".
The so called "drinking bird".
The swinging metal balls office toy known as "Newton's Cradle".
Certain magnet toys, specifically the "SMOT" have been claimed to have
a similar capacity in series.
Reidar Finsrud claims to have built such a device with magnets and
pendulums, and intends to make a variation that is Level 1.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 3: Would move if it weren't for friction or the concept is an
inappropriate choice for perpetual motion due to natural law, or the
concept might work if it were developed further.
I.e. mixed bag. Everyone thinking of these as perpetual motion are
confused or doing some fast thinking.
Motive mass without a difference weight. See my experiments. Most
waterwheels, at least insofar as they are related to grav-buoy2 Anything
with depletable or external energy (wave motion, solar power, fusion
power).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 4: Non-functional in principle after reflection i.e. "Victims of
Reason"
Rolling ball wheel (without ramps or levers) and most other perpetual
motion wheels, constant or gradual radius leverage wheel, Archimedian
screw.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Level 5: Absurd even to most enthusiasts; a careless or incomplete
attempt. i.e. "Objectively Dubious"
My Early Failures, Electric energy re-feeding machines (in their purest
form Machines that act solely by means of springs (a form of stored and
depletable energy).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LINKS TO FAILED HISTORICAL EXAMPLES, ETC:
Mechanical Appliances and Novelties of Construction
The "Museum of Unworkable Devices"
"Coal Car" Toy uses a ramp with 45 degree tilt similar to Motive Mass.
EVIDENCE OF PERPETUAL MOTION
Successful magnet design
Finsrud PMM
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Back to Perpetual Motion Theory Back to Perpetual Motion Concepts
If you're interested in a theory distinguishing the types,
you might be interested in my Volitional Mathematics
concept at the Impossible Machine.
you might be interested in my Volitional Mathematics
concept at the Impossible Machine.
A Variative List
Adapted to modern physics
would go as thus:
1. A Theory Which Extends the Context
for Physical Law [Tilt Motor, level 5]
2. A Theory Which Diverts Physical
Laws in a Balance of Strategy [Repeat
Lever Type 2, level 4]
3. A Theory Which Works With a High
Level of Super-Fluity [Curvilinear
Weight Machine, level 1.2]
Adapted to modern physics
would go as thus:
1. A Theory Which Extends the Context
for Physical Law [Tilt Motor, level 5]
2. A Theory Which Diverts Physical
Laws in a Balance of Strategy [Repeat
Lever Type 2, level 4]
3. A Theory Which Works With a High
Level of Super-Fluity [Curvilinear
Weight Machine, level 1.2]